Improvement in coal-oil stoves



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J'. A. FREY. COAL OIL STOVE. No.185,908. Patented Jan. 2, 1877.

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J. A. FREY.

COAL OIL STOVE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1877.

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I CQAL OIL STOVE. No.185,908. Patented Jan.2,1877.

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J. A. FREY.

COAL OIL STOVE.

Patented Jan.2,1877.

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JOHN A. FREY, ()F NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-OIL STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,908, dated January2, 1877; application filed December 26, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN A. FREY, of NewYork, in the county of New York and in the State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Goal-Oil Stoves; and dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of my stove arranged for use. Fig. 2 is a like view of the stoveportion detached from the oil-reservoir, the heating-cylinder beingturned backward, so as to expose the burners. Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of the lower side of said stovesection. Fig. 4 is a like view ofsaid oil-reservoir, and Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical central sections uponlines 00 m and z 2, respectively, of Fig. 1.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of thefigures.

My invention relates to a class of stoves which is known as oil-stoves,and has for its object an increase in the comfort, efficiency and safetyof the same; to which end it consists, principally, in an oil-stove inwhich are combined a body,for containing heated air and sustainingcooking utensils, one or more burners for consuming oil, anoil-reservoir, constructed of or from glass and made detachable fromsaid body, and a frame for sustaining, inclosing, or protecting saidreservoir, substantially as hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the means employed for protecting theoil-reservoir, substantially as is hereinafter set forth.

It consists, further, in combining, with the burners and body of astove, an auxiliary air guide or passage, substantially as and for thepurpose hereinafter shown and described.

It consists, finally, in an oil-stove provided with a water-pan belowits burners, and a detachable oil-reservoir below said water-pan, andhaving a pipe or passage for supplying oil to said reservoir, arrangedwithin said water-pan, and partly or wholly surrounded by water,substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

In the annexed drawings, A represents the water-pan of my stove, whichhas any desired horizontal dimensions, and contains the wicktubes B,wick-wheels and shafts O and D, respectively, and has, near the upperends of said tubes, a perforated diaphragm, E, which is secured to thesame, is provided at its edge with a cylindrical upward-projectingflange, F, and at such point is sustained by several braces, G, thatextend vertically between said flange and the bottom of said pan, andare secured to each. Upon the upper end of the flange F is placed aplate, H, which contains two cones or air-guides, h and it, that fitover or around the upper ends of the wick-tubes B, and perform the usualoffice of such parts by directing the currents of air against the flameof the oil. Secured to and extending upward from the edge of the plate His a cylinder, I, which has, preferably, a height about equal to itsdiameter, and at its upper end is inclosed by means of a plate, K, thatis provided with openings It and 70, directly over the Wick-tubes B,through which the heated escaping products of combustion pass from saidcylinder. An outward and upward extending plate, L, provided withopenings l around its sides, is secured upon the upper end of thecylinder I, and serves as a support for cooking utensils. Forconvenience, the cylinder I is hinged at its lower end, at one side, toor upon the support M, which enables it to be turned outward anddownward, so as to uncover the burners.

The device thus constructed is substantially like that shown in mypatent of October 20, 1874, and comprises the operative parts of myoil-stove.

In order that the flames from the burners may be rendered more steady,and the heat generated may be caused to pass more quickly upward againstthe vessel being heated, I provide a series of openings, h, in andthrough the cone-plate H. At a point midway between the cones orair-guides h, and below the same, I provide a tube, 0, which extendsdownward to and through the diaphragm E, and conveys air from beneaththe latter to said openings h. The current of air passing upward throughthe openings h separates and steadies the flames from the burners, andcauses the heat generated by the same to pass quickly to the top of thecylinder, instead, as would otherwise be the case, of remaining at itslower end.

The tubes for supplying oil to the reservoir have heretofore beenoutside of, and below, the water-pan but as thus arranged have beenliable to become broken or injured. To obviate such difficulty 1 form apassage, N, within the lower portion of the water-pan A, and extend thesame from near the center of said pan, where communication is had withthe interior of the oil-reservoir, radially outward to or near the edgeof the same, and. from thence vertically upward to a convenient height,to permit its end to be closed by a screw-cap, it.

By this arrangement the supply-tube is removed from all liability tocontact with surrounding objects, and, being covered by the liquidcontents of the water-pan, cannot become heated.

Sheet-metal reservoirs for containing oil have heretofore been employed.which reservoirs have been permanently attached to or upon thestove-section, so that their interiors could not be exposed withoutremoving the solder from the joints and separating the top or bottomplates.

In the use of this class of reservoirs the only way in which thepresence or absence of a supply of oil could be ascertained was byshaking the stove, while in filling such reservoir the means fordetermining when it was full was the rising of the oil within thefilling-tube, the result frequently being an overflow of oil.

Another difficulty arose from the inability of the operator to see thewickwithin the reservoir, and thereby know whether said wick was beingraised or lowered by turning the wick-wheel shaft, the result being thatoccasionally said shaft would be turned in the wrong direction, so as toforce the wick out of its tube and entirely beyond reach. The wick thusforced into the reservoir would frequently become entangled with andinterfere with the movement of the wicks contained within the tubes, andwhen, as sometimes occurred, several wicks were contained within saidreservoir, the effect would be to completely obstruct the operation ofthe stove.

The difficulties named are remedied by me in the following manner: Iconstruct a reservoir, 0, from glass, and at its upper end provide anopening, 0, which has a somewhat larger diameter than is necessary forthe admission of the wicks, as arranged in the stove. Surrounding theopening 0 is a vertical flange or neck, 0, around which is cc mented ametal ring, P, that is provided exteriorly with a screw-thread, p, whichcoincides with an interior or female screw-thread, q, that is formedwithin a flange, Q, which is secured upon and depends from the bottom ofthe water-pan A.

As thus arranged, by placing the flange Q upon the ring P, and screwingthe former down around the latter, the stove and reservoir will befirmly united, while at the same time they are capable of being easilyand quickly separated.

In order that the glass reservoir may be protected from injury, it isinclosed within a frame, which is composed of two square pieces ofboard, R and S,- that are arranged horizontally in parallel lines, andare connected together at their corners by means of posts T,constructed, preferably, from wood, which posts may extend below thelower board S, and form feet t,- or said feet may be constructedseparately and attached.

The reservoir 0 is, preferably, constructed with sides which flareupward and outward, and within the lower board '8 is provided acorrespondingly-shaped recess, 8, for the reception of the lower end ofsaid reservoir.

An opening, r, forthe reception of the neck portion of the upper end ofthe reservoir 0, completes the' frame, which forms a perfect protectionfor said reservoir from contact with articles of furniture, cookingutensils, &c.

The Water-pan rests upon the upper side of the frame, which latteristhus caused to sustain the weight of the stove and of articles placedthereon.

For the purpose of preventing the wicks within the reservoir frombecoming entangled with each other, I attach to or upon the lower sideof the water-pan A, midway between the wick-tubes B, a plate ordiaphragm, Up. which extends downward to or near the bottom of thereservoir 0, and eflectually separates said Wicks.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention, whatI claim as new 1s- 1. An oil-stove in which are combined thefollowing-named elements, to wit: a body for containing heated air andsupporting cooking utensils, one or more burners for consuming oil, anoil -reservoir constructed of or from glass and made detachable fromsaid body, and a frame for sustaining, .inclosing, or protecting saidreservoir, substantially as specified.

2. In combination with theglass reservoir 0, for containing oil, theprotecting-frame composed of the upper and lower recessed wooden platesR and S, respectively, combined by means of the posts T, and arranged toembrace the upper and lower ends of said reservoir, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with two separate and independent burners of anoil-stove, an auxiliary air guide or passage, located between the conesof said burners, and arranged to convey air into the heating-chamber ofsaid stove, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

4. In an oil-stove provided with a water- In testimony that I claim theforegoing I pan below its burners, and a detachable oilhave hereunto setmy hand this 20th day of reservoir below said water-pan, the pipe orDecember, 1876.

passage N, for supplying oil to said reservoir, JOHN A. FREY. arrangedwithin said water-pan, and partly Witnesses:

or Wholly surrounded by water, substantially O. SEDGWIOK,

as and for the purpose specified. H. SCARBOROUGH.

